List of people subject to banning orders under apartheid
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Hilda and Lionel Bernstein
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Steve Biko
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Ruth First
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Ela Gandhi
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Ronnie Kasrils
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Albert Lutuli
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Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
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Trevor Manuel
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Beyers Naudé
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Barney Pityana
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Mamphela Ramphele
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Walter Sisulu
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Robert Sobukwe
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Oliver Tambo
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Bettie du Toit
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Donald Woods
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
- Phyllis Altman: Banned in 1964.[1]
- Mabel Balfour: Banned in 1963.[2]
- Mary Benson: Banned in 1966.
- Hilda Bernstein
- Lionel Bernstein
- Steve Biko: Banned February 1973 to 1977 (killed in police custody)
- Brian Brown:[3] Banned 17 October 1977 for five years
- Neville Curtis:[4] Banned 1973 to 1990
- Lionel Davis: Banned 1971 to 1976
- Bettie du Toit: Banned in 1952.[5]
- Ruth First: Banned 1960 to 1982 (killed in exile by police letter bomb)
- Ela Gandhi: Banned in 1975
- Bertha Gxowa: Banned in 1960.[6]
- Viola Hashe: Banned in 1963 till her death in 1977.[7]
- Ruth Hayman: Banned from 1966 to 1981 (died in exile)
- Helen Joseph: Banned four times, starting in 1957.
- Ronnie Kasrils: Banned 1962 to 1990
- Clive Keegan:[4] Banned from 1973
- Bennie Khoapa: Banned 1973 to 1978; went into exile 1978[8]
- Theo Kotze:[3] Banned 17 October 1977 for five years
- Albert Lutuli: Banned 1952 to 1967
- Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
- Elizabeth Mafekeng: Banned in 1959.[9]
- Mac Maharaj: Banned on release from prison in 1976 until going into exile in 1977[10]
- Trevor Manuel: Banned 1985 to 1986, banned again 1988
- Cedric Mayson:[3] Banned 17 October 1977 for five years
- Fatima Meer: Banned in 1952.
- Florence Mkhize: Banned in 1952.
- Mary Moodley: Banned in 1963.[11]
- Shulamith Muller: Banned and in 1962 went in exile.[12]
- Beyers Naudé: Banned 1977 to 1984
- Sister Bernard Ncube: Banned from Kagiso in 1987.[13]
- Rita Ndzanga: Banned in 1964.[14]
- J. B. Marks: Banned 1950 to 1972 (died in exile)
- Barney Pityana
- Paul Pretorius:[4] Banned from 1973
- Mamphela Ramphele: Banned 1977 to 1984
- Peter Ralph Randall: Banned 17 October 1977 for five years
- Marius Schoon: Banned 1976 to 1990
- Jeanette Curtis Schoon:[4] Banned 1975(?) to 1984 (killed in exile by police letter bomb)
- Dulcie September: Banned 1969 to 1973
- Walter Sisulu: Banned 1955[15] to 1990
- Robert Sobukwe: Banned 1969 to 1978
- Oliver Tambo: Banned 1959 to 1990
- Rick Turner: Banned 1973, murdered 1978
- Donald Woods: Banned 1977 to 1990
References
- ↑ Herbstein, Denis (24 September 1999). "Phyllis Altman". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- ↑ Berger, Iris (1992). Threads of Solidarity: Women in South African Industry, 1900-1980. Indiana University Press. p. 267. ISBN 9780852550779.
- 1 2 3 Cited in article on Peter Ralph Randall
- 1 2 3 4 Banning orders served on NUSAS leaders
- ↑ "Bettie du Toit". South African History Online. 29 June 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
- ↑ "ANC Veteran, Bertha Gxowa, Dies". SA News. 19 November 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
- ↑ "Viola Hashe". South African History Online. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
- ↑ Bennie Khoapa's entry at SA History Online
- ↑ Elizabeth Mafekeng. [2], FAWU Tributes Elizabeth Mafekeng. Retrieved 29 October 2010 from http://www.fawu.org.za/index.php?include=veterans/mafikeng.html.
- ↑ TRC testimony of Mac Maharaj
- ↑ Human Sciences Research Council (2000). Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo. HSRC Press. pp. 33–34. ISBN 978-0796919663.
- ↑ "Shulamith Muller". South African History Online. 12 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ↑ Van Kessel, Ineke (2000). 'Beyond Our Wildest Dreams': The United Democratic Front and the Transformation of South Africa. University Press of Virginia. p. 159. ISBN 0813918685.
- ↑ Luckhardt; Wall. "Organize... or Starve! - The History of the SACTU". South African Congress of Trade Unions. South African History Online. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
- ↑ Cited in article on Oliver Tambo
Further Reading
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